发布时间:2018-08-05 19:59:14编辑:admin阅读(17831)
linux
获取linux硬件信息的方式,有很多。
1.使用puppet或者saltstack
2.直接读取/proc/xx文件,比如cpu信息,就是/proc/cpuinfo
3.dmidecode
4.psutil,它可以获取某些信息,但是对于CPU型号,无法获取!
接下来讨论一下关于 python-hwinfo, 它是一个展示硬件信息概况的工具之一,并且其配置简洁
什么是 python-hwinfo
这是一个通过解析系统工具(例如 lspci 和 dmidecode)的输出,来检查硬件和设备的 Python 库。它提供了一个简单的命令行工具,可以用来检查本地、远程的主机和记录的信息。用 sudo 运行该命令以获得最大的信息。
另外,你可以提供服务器 IP 或者主机名、用户名和密码,在远程的服务器上执行它。当然你也可以使用这个工具查看其它工具捕获的输出(例如 demidecode 输出的 dmidecode.out,/proc/cpuinfo 输出的cpuinfo,lspci -nnm 输出的 lspci-nnm.out)。
Linux 上如何安装 python-hwinfo
在绝大多数 Linux 发行版,都可以通过 pip 包安装。为了安装 python-hwinfo, 确保你的系统已经有 Python 和python-pip 包作为先决条件。
pip 是 Python 附带的一个包管理工具,在 Linux 上安装 Python 包的推荐工具之一。
在 RHEL/CentOS 平台,使用 YUM 命令安装 pip
yum install -y python-pip python-devel
最后,执行下面的 pip 命令安装 python-hwinfo
pip install python-hwinfo
怎么在本地机器使用 python-hwinfo
执行下面的命令,检查本地机器现有的硬件。输出很清楚和整洁,这是我在其他命令中没有看到的。
它的输出分为了五类:
1.Bios Info(BIOS 信息): BIOS 供应商名称、系统产品名称、系统序列号、系统唯一标识符、系统制造商、BIOS 发布日期和BIOS 版本。
2.CPU Info(CPU 信息):处理器编号、供应商 ID,CPU 系列代号、型号、步进编号、型号名称、CPU 主频。
3.Ethernet Controller Info(网卡信息): 供应商名称、供应商 ID、设备名称、设备 ID、子供应商名称、子供应商 ID,子设备名称、子设备 ID。
4.Storage Controller Info(存储设备信息): 供应商名称、供应商 ID、设备名称、设备 ID、子供应商名称,子供应商 ID、子设备名称、子设备 ID。
5.GPU Info(GPU 信息): 供应商名称、供应商 ID、设备名称、设备 ID、子供应商名称、子供应商 ID、子设备名称、子设备 ID。
执行命名hwinfo -e 表示输出json格式的数据
[root@localhost ~]# hwinfo -e { "bios": { "bios_vendor_name": "Phoenix Technologies LTD", "system_product_name": "VMware Virtual Platform", "system_serial_number": "VMware-56 4d 53 d2 bd 73 ed 36-61 08 23 cc 4a c7 b7 ff", "chassis_type": "Other", "system_uuid": "564D53D2-BD73-ED36-6108-23CC4AC7B7FF", "system_manufacturer": "VMware, Inc.", "socket_count": 64, "bios_release_date": "05/19/2017", "bios_version": "6.00", "socket_designation": "CPU #000, CPU #001, CPU #002, CPU #003, CPU #004, CPU #005, CPU #006, CPU #007, CPU #008, CPU #009, CPU #010, CPU #011, CPU #012, CPU #013, CPU #014, CPU #015, CPU #016, CPU #017, CPU #018, CPU #019, CPU #020, CPU #021, CPU #022, CPU #023, CPU #024, CPU #025, CPU #026, CPU #027, CPU #028, CPU #029, CPU #030, CPU #031, CPU #032, CPU #033, CPU #034, CPU #035, CPU #036, CPU #037, CPU #038, CPU #039, CPU #040, CPU #041, CPU #042, CPU #043, CPU #044, CPU #045, CPU #046, CPU #047, CPU #048, CPU #049, CPU #050, CPU #051, CPU #052, CPU #053, CPU #054, CPU #055, CPU #056, CPU #057, CPU #058, CPU #059, CPU #060, CPU #061, CPU #062, CPU #063" }, "storage_controllers": [ { "subdevice_name": "Virtual Machine Chipset", "subdevice_id": "1976", "subvendor_id": "15ad", "vendor_id": "8086", "device_name": "82371AB/EB/MB PIIX4 IDE", "vendor_name": "Intel Corporation", "subvendor_name": "VMware", "class": "0101", "device_id": "7111" }, { "subdevice_name": "LSI Logic Parallel SCSI Controller", "subdevice_id": "1976", "subvendor_id": "15ad", "vendor_id": "1000", "device_name": "53c1030 PCI-X Fusion-MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI", "vendor_name": "LSI Logic / Symbios Logic", "subvendor_name": "VMware", "class": "0100", "device_id": "0030" } ], "cpu": [ { "model": "94", "clflush_size": "64", "cpu_family": "6", "address_sizes": "40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual", "vendor_id": "GenuineIntel", "bogomips": "5202.00", "processor": "0", "fpu": "yes", "cpuid_level": "22", "fpu_exception": "yes", "stepping": "3", "cache_alignment": "64", "cache_size": "6144 KB", "flags": "fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc arch_perfmon nopl xtopology tsc_reliable nonstop_tsc pni pclmulqdq ssse3 fma cx16 pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt aes xsave avx f16c rdrand hypervisor lahf_lm 3dnowprefetch arat fsgsbase smep", "microcode": "0xbe", "cpu_mhz": "2599.936", "model_name": "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz", "wp": "yes" } ], "gpus": [ { "subdevice_name": "SVGA II Adapter", "subdevice_id": "0405", "subvendor_id": "15ad", "vendor_id": "15ad", "device_name": "SVGA II Adapter", "vendor_name": "VMware", "subvendor_name": "VMware", "class": "0300", "device_id": "0405" } ], "nics": [ { "subdevice_name": "PRO/1000 MT Single Port Adapter", "subdevice_id": "0750", "subvendor_id": "15ad", "vendor_id": "8086", "device_name": "82545EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (Copper)", "vendor_name": "Intel Corporation", "subvendor_name": "VMware", "class": "0200", "device_id": "100f" } ] }
注意:这个命令只能在Python 2.7才能使用。Python 3.x执行会报错!
Windows
windows不能使用hwinfo,因为hwinfo是读取/proc/xx文件的。而windows是没有的,所以会报错!需要使用其他模块来获取
使用下面的命令安装2个模块
pip install wmi pyinstaller
新建一个文件win_sysinfo.py,内容如下:
#_*_coding:utf-8_*_ import platform import win32com import wmi import os import json def collect(): data = { 'os_type': platform.system(), 'os_release':"%s %s %s "%( platform.release() ,platform.architecture()[0],platform.version()), 'os_distribution': 'Microsoft', 'asset_type':'server' } win32obj = Win32Info() data.update(win32obj.get_cpu_info()) data.update(win32obj.get_ram_info()) data.update(win32obj.get_server_info()) data.update(win32obj.get_disk_info()) data.update(win32obj.get_nic_info()) # for k,v in data.items(): # print k,v return data class Win32Info(object): def __init__(self): self.wmi_obj = wmi.WMI() self.wmi_service_obj = win32com.client.Dispatch("WbemScripting.SWbemLocator") self.wmi_service_connector =self.wmi_service_obj.ConnectServer(".","root\cimv2") def get_cpu_info(self): data = {} cpu_lists = self.wmi_obj.Win32_Processor() cpu_core_count = 0 for cpu in cpu_lists: cpu_core_count += cpu.NumberOfCores cpu_model = cpu.Name data["cpu_count"] = len(cpu_lists) data["cpu_model"] = cpu_model data["cpu_core_count"] =cpu_core_count return data def get_ram_info(self): data = [] ram_collections = self.wmi_service_connector.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_PhysicalMemory") for item in ram_collections: item_data = {} #print item mb = int(1024 * 1024) ram_size = int(item.Capacity) / mb item_data = { "slot":item.DeviceLocator.strip(), "capacity":ram_size, "model":item.Caption, "manufactory":item.Manufacturer, "sn":item.SerialNumber, } data.append(item_data) return {"ram":data} def get_server_info(self): computer_info = self.wmi_obj.Win32_ComputerSystem()[0] system_info = self.wmi_obj.Win32_OperatingSystem()[0] data = {} data['manufactory'] = computer_info.Manufacturer data['model'] = computer_info.Model data['wake_up_type'] = computer_info.WakeUpType data['sn'] = system_info.SerialNumber return data def get_disk_info(self): data = [] for disk in self.wmi_obj.Win32_DiskDrive(): #print disk.Model,disk.Size,disk.DeviceID,disk.Name,disk.Index,disk.SerialNumber,disk.SystemName,disk.Description item_data = {} iface_choices = ["SAS","SCSI","SATA","SSD"] for iface in iface_choices: if iface in disk.Model: item_data['iface_type'] = iface break else: item_data['iface_type'] = 'unknown' item_data['slot'] = disk.Index item_data['sn'] = disk.SerialNumber item_data['model'] = disk.Model item_data['manufactory'] = disk.Manufacturer item_data['capacity'] = int(disk.Size ) / (1024*1024*1024) data.append(item_data) return {'physical_disk_driver':data} def get_nic_info(self): data = [] for nic in self.wmi_obj.Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration(): if nic.MACAddress is not None: item_data = {} item_data['macaddress'] = nic.MACAddress item_data['model'] = nic.Caption item_data['name'] = nic.Index if nic.IPAddress is not None: item_data['ipaddress'] = nic.IPAddress[0] item_data['netmask'] = nic.IPSubnet else: item_data['ipaddress'] = '' item_data['netmask'] = '' bonding = 0 #print nic.MACAddress ,nic.IPAddress,nic.ServiceName,nic.Caption,nic.IPSubnet #print item_data data.append(item_data) return {'nic':data} if __name__=="__main__": ret = collect() print json.dumps(ret)
注意:此脚本,也是Python 2.7。需要在windows上安装Python 2.7
打开cmd窗口,执行脚本
python C:\Users\xiao\Desktop\win_sysinfo.py
效果如下:
但是dos窗口输出的内容,不好复制,怎么办呢?
将输出重定向到桌面的info.txt文件中(不需要手动创建)
python C:\Users\xiao\Desktop\win_sysinfo.py > C:\Users\xiao\Desktop\info.txt
打开txt文件,复制内容
打开在线json网页,将内容复制进去
点击校验,效果如下:
{ "model": "Inspiron 7559", "cpu_count": 1, "os_release": "10 64bit 10.0.17134 ", "nic": [{ "macaddress": "00:FF:D6:54:71:F4", "model": "[00000001] TAP-Windows Adapter V9", "ipaddress": "", "name": 1, "netmask": "" }, { "macaddress": "00:50:56:C0:00:01", "model": "[00000002] VMware Virtual Ethernet Adapter for VMnet1", "ipaddress": "192.168.233.1", "name": 2, "netmask": ["255.255.255.0", "64"] }, { "macaddress": "00:50:56:C0:00:08", "model": "[00000003] VMware Virtual Ethernet Adapter for VMnet8", "ipaddress": "192.168.218.1", "name": 3, "netmask": ["255.255.255.0", "64"] }, { "macaddress": "F4:8E:38:EE:0B:9F", "model": "[00000004] Realtek PCIe GBE Family Controller", "ipaddress": "192.168.12.151", "name": 4, "netmask": ["255.255.255.0", "64"] }, { "macaddress": "58:FB:84:62:18:0D", "model": "[00000005] Intel(R) Dual Band Wireless-AC 3165", "ipaddress": "", "name": 5, "netmask": "" }, { "macaddress": "58:FB:84:62:18:0E", "model": "[00000006] Microsoft Wi-Fi Direct Virtual Adapter", "ipaddress": "", "name": 6, "netmask": "" }, { "macaddress": "5A:FB:84:62:18:0D", "model": "[00000007] Microsoft Wi-Fi Direct Virtual Adapter", "ipaddress": "", "name": 7, "netmask": "" }, { "macaddress": "82:97:20:52:41:53", "model": "[00000013] WAN Miniport (IP)", "ipaddress": "", "name": 13, "netmask": "" }, { "macaddress": "86:9F:20:52:41:53", "model": "[00000014] WAN Miniport (IPv6)", "ipaddress": "", "name": 14, "netmask": "" }, { "macaddress": "88:73:20:52:41:53", "model": "[00000015] WAN Miniport (Network Monitor)", "ipaddress": "", "name": 15, "netmask": "" }], "ram": [{ "slot": "ChannelA-DIMM0", "model": "物理内存", "capacity": 8192, "sn": "14093411", "manufactory": "019800000000" }, { "slot": "ChannelB-DIMM0", "model": "物理内存", "capacity": 8192, "sn": "06048420", "manufactory": "019800000000" }], "cpu_model": "Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz", "manufactory": "Dell Inc.", "physical_disk_driver": [{ "slot": 0, "capacity": 119, "manufactory": "(标准磁盘驱动器)", "sn": "163363432723", "model": "SanDisk Z400s M.2 2280 128GB", "iface_type": "unknown" }, { "slot": 1, "capacity": 465, "manufactory": "(标准磁盘驱动器)", "sn": " SBY6P77H", "model": "ST500LT012-1DG142", "iface_type": "unknown" }], "wake_up_type": 6, "sn": "00342-33067-00000-AAOEM", "cpu_core_count": 4, "os_type": "Windows", "os_distribution": "Microsoft", "asset_type": "server" }
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