发布时间:2020-08-21 13:47:38编辑:admin阅读(3714)
https://www.baidu.com/s?ie=utf-8&f=8&rsv_bp=1&rsv_idx=1&tn=baidu&wd=123
注意:123是搜索关键字。这不是重点,因为必须要搜索,才能在网页右侧出现百度热搜。
提取标题,链接,点击量。
python 3.7
安装依赖
pip3 install requests pip3 install lxml
请确保谷歌浏览器安装了XPath Helper插件。
使用时,打开一个网页,点击右侧的图标
它会弹出一个黑框
左侧输入xpath语法,右侧显示匹配结果。
可以发现,百度热搜,是在一个table表格里面,class属性为:c-table opr-toplist1-table
表格的每一行,就是一条新闻信息。
获取每一行内容,xpath规则为:
//table[@class='c-table opr-toplist1-table']/tbody/tr
效果如下:
标题是在一个a标签里面,class='opr-toplist1-cut',提取text()即可
xpath规则为:
//a[@class='opr-toplist1-cut']/text()
效果如下:
链接也是在一个a标签里面,class='opr-toplist1-cut',提取href属性即可
xpath规则为:
//a[@class='opr-toplist1-cut']/@href
效果如下:
点击量在一个td里面,class='opr-toplist1-right opr-toplist1-right-hot',提取text()即可
xpath规则为:
//td[@class='opr-toplist1-right opr-toplist1-right-hot']/text()
效果如下:
import requests from lxml import etree import time import json class Item: id = None # id title = None # 标题 url = None # 链接 hits = None # 点击量 class GetBaiduHotSearch: def get_html(self, url): try: headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/73.0.3683.103 Safari/537.36' } response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers) if response.status_code == 200: return response.text return None except Exception: return None def get_content(self, html): items = [] # normalize-space 去空格,换行符 content = etree.HTML(html) all_list = content.xpath("//table[@class='c-table opr-toplist1-table']/tbody/tr") # 初始id id = 0 for i in all_list: item = Item() id += 1 # 自增1 item.id = id item.title = i.xpath("normalize-space(.//a[@class='opr-toplist1-cut']/text())") item.url = 'https://www.baidu.com' + i.xpath("normalize-space(.//a[@class='opr-toplist1-cut']/@href)") item.hits = i.xpath("normalize-space(.//td[@class='opr-toplist1-right opr-toplist1-right-hot']/text())") items.append(item) return items def write_to_txt(self, items): content_dict = { 'id': None, 'title': None, 'url': None, 'hits': None, } # 写入到文件中 with open('result.txt', 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f: for item in items: content_dict['id'] = item.id content_dict['title'] = item.title content_dict['url'] = item.url content_dict['hits'] = item.hits print(content_dict) f.write(json.dumps(content_dict, ensure_ascii=False) + '\n') def main(self): url = 'https://www.baidu.com/s?ie=utf-8&f=8&rsv_bp=1&rsv_idx=1&tn=baidu&wd=123' html = self.get_html(url) items = self.get_content(html) self.write_to_txt(items) if __name__ == '__main__': st = GetBaiduHotSearch().main()
运行结果:
文本结果:
文本参考链接:
http://www.py3study.com/Article/details/id/2213.html
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