发布时间:2019-08-05 15:33:48编辑:auto阅读(1460)
Xml:
1. 标签成对出现
2. 区分大小写
3. 标签要正确嵌套
4.开始部分:<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
5.只能有一个根节点
6.节点可以有属性
DTD:约束XML文件的节点
Xml解析:
1. dom(文档对象模型):把解析的xml整个加载到内存,组织成object树。
w3cDom dom4j
from
xml.dom.minidom import
parse
doc=parse("students.xml") 得到整个DOM文档树
root=doc.documentElement 得到根节点
students=root.getElementsByTagName("student")
class Student:
def
__init__(self,name,age,sex,score):
self.name=name
self.age=age
self.sex=sex
self.score=score
def
__str__(self):
return
"姓名:{0},年龄:{1},性别:{2},成绩:{3}".format(self.name,self.age,self.sex,self.score)
people=[]
for p
in students:
student = Student(p.getElementsByTagName("name")[0].childNodes[0].data,p.getElementsByTagName("age")[0].childNodes[0].data,p.getElementsByTagName("sex")[0].childNodes[0].data,p.getElementsByTagName("score")[0].childNodes[0].data)
people.append(student)
for p
in people:
print(p)
2. Sax:事件驱动式解析,不会在内存中加载整个文档,只会根据自己编写的事件保存数据
from
xml.sax import
ContentHandler
from xml.sax
import parse
class Student:
def
__init__(self,name=None,age=None,sex=None,score=None):
self.name=name
self.age=age
self.sex=sex
self.score=score
def
__str__(self):
return
"姓名:{0},年龄:{1},性别:{2},成绩:{3}".format(self.name,self.age,self.sex,self.score)
student=[]
class mysax(ContentHandler):
def
__init__(self):
self.tag=None
self.student=None
def startDocument(self):
pass
def startElement(self, name, attrs):
self.tag = name
if
name=="student":
self.student=Student()
def
characters(self, content):
if
self.tag=="name":
self.student.name=content
if
self.tag=="age":
self.student.age=content
if
self.tag=="sex":
self.student.sex=content
if
self.tag=="score":
self.student.score=content
def
endElement(self, name):
if
name=="student":
student.append(self.student)
self.student =
None
self.tag =
None
def endDocument(self):
pass
students=mysax()
parse("students.xml",students)
for p
in student:
print(p)
3. 元素树解析(ElmentTree)
from
xml.etree.ElementTree import*
class Student:
def
__init__(self,name=None,age=None,sex=None,score=None):
self.name=name
self.age=age
self.sex=sex
self.score=score
def
__str__(self):
return
"姓名:{0},年龄:{1},性别:{2},成绩:{3}".format(self.name,self.age,self.sex,self.score)
people=[]
root=parse("students.xml")
student1=root.findall("student")
for p
in student1:
student=Student()
student.name=p.find("name").text
student.age = p.find("age").text
student.sex = p.find("sex").text
student.score = p.find("score").text
people.append(student)
for p
in people:
print(p)
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