01月22日【Python3 基础知识】

发布时间:2019-09-25 08:16:40编辑:auto阅读(1563)

    01月22日【Python3 基础知识】

    2.4 计算器
    2.5 tuple操作
    2.6 dict
    2.7 其他常用操作

    2.4 计算器

    def add(string):
        total = 0
        numbers = []
        numbers += string.split("+")
        for num in numbers:
            total += int(num.strip())
        print("{0} = {1}".format(string, total))
    #
    def reduce(string):
        result = 0
        numbers = []
        numbers += string.split("-")
        result = int(numbers[0].strip())
        numbers.pop(0)
        for num in numbers:
            result -= int(num.strip())
        print("{0} = {1}".format(string, result))
    #
    def ride(string):
        total = 1
        numbers = []
        numbers += string.split("*")
        for num in numbers:
            total *= int(num.strip())
        print("{0} = {1}".format(string, total))
    #
    def division(string):
        result = 0
        numbers = []
        numbers += string.split("/")
        result = int(numbers[0].strip())
        numbers.pop(0)
        for num in numbers:
            result /= int(num.strip())
        print("{0} = {1}".format(string, result))
    if __name__ == '__main__':
        print("##############################################")
        print("1: +法")
        print("2: -法")
        print("3: *法")
        print("4: /法")
        method = input("请选择: ")
        string = input("请输入:")
        if method == "1":
            add(string)
        elif method == "2":
            reduce(string)
        elif method == "3":
            ride(string)
        elif method == "4":
            division(string)
        else:
            print("输入错误")
        print("##############################################")

    2.5 tuple操作

    # 元组的元素不能修改
    t = ('a', 'b', 3, 'b')
    print(t)
    print(t[0]) # 按下标输出元素
    # index: 按元素输出下标
    print(t.index('b'))     # 默认左往右
    print(t.index('b', -1)) # 倒序查找
    # count:统计字符个数
    print(t.count('b'))

    2.6 dict

    # 字典的定义:
    d1 = dict(name = 'long', age = 30)
    d2 = {'id':101, 'name':'longlong'}
    d3 = dict([('name', 'long'), ('age', 20)])
    print(d1)
    print(d2)
    print(d3)
    # 方法
    # get(key): 根据key获取value
    # setdefault: 根据key获取value,如果key不存在,可以设定默认的value
    print((d1.get('name')))
    print(d1.setdefault('dizhi', 'guangxi'))
    #
    print(d1.keys())
    print(d1.values())
    #
    for x, y in d1.items():
        print("{0}:{1}".format(x, y))
    # update: 根据key更新valye;如果没有key则会添加该键值对
    print(d1)
    d1.update(d2)
    print(d1)
    # pop:根据key弹出value
    print(d3.pop('name'))
    print(d3)

    2.7 其他常用操作

    # help: 方法解释
    a = '123'
    help(a.count)
    # dir: 查看有什么方法可用
    print(dir(a))
    ## type:  查看变量类型
    print(type(a))
    # len: 获取长度
    print(len(a))
    # isinstance: 判断变量是否某类型
    print(isinstance(a, str))

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