python json文件的使用

发布时间:2019-09-19 08:05:23编辑:auto阅读(1666)

    json是一种轻量级数据交换格式,常用于http请求中,在日常运维工作中经常可以看到


    1.json类型和python数据的转换

    函数转换对应关系表:

    PythonJSON
    dictobject
    list, tuplearray
    str, unicodestring
    int, long, floatnumber
    Truetrue
    Falsefalse
    Nonenull


    1)将json数据写入文件json.dump()

    例子:

    import json

    json_data = {"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5,"f":6}

    f = open("a.txt","w")

    json.dump(json_data,f)

    f.close()


    结果:目录下生成a.txt文件,内容:

    {"a": 1, "c": 3, "b": 2, "e": 5, "d": 4, "f": 6}



    2)读取文件中json数据,显示为unicode类型格式:json.load()

    import json

    # json_data = {"a":1,"b":2,"c":3,"d":4,"e":5,"f":6}

    # f = open("a.txt","w")

    # json.dump(json_data,f)

    # f.close()


    f2 = open("a.txt","r")

    dict2 = json.load(f2)

    print(dict2)


    结果:

    {u'a': 1, u'c': 3, u'b': 2, u'e': 5, u'd': 4, u'f': 6}



    3)python字典—>(转换)json字符串json.dumps()

    例子:

    import json

    m = {"success":"yes","message":"hello"}

    json_str = json.dumps(m)

    print(m)

    print(type(m))

    print(json_str)

    print(type(json_str))


    结果:

    {'message': 'hello', 'success': 'yes'}

    <type 'dict'>

    {"message": "hello", "success": "yes"}

    <type 'str'>



    4)json字符串—>(解码)pyhton字典:json.loads()

    例子:

    import json

    m = {"success":"yes","message":"hello"}

    json_str = json.dumps(m)

    print(json_str)

    print(type(json_str))

    json_dict = json.loads(json_str)

    print(json_dict)

    print(type(json_dict))


    结果:

    {"message": "hello", "success": "yes"}

    <type 'str'>

    {u'message': u'hello', u'success': u'yes'}

    <type 'dict'>



    2.爬虫举例

    import json

    import urllib2

    from pip._vendor.requests.packages import chardet

    url = 'http://'

    req = urllib2.Request(url)

    res = urllib2.urlopen(req)

    result = res.read()

    print(chardet.detect(result))

    m = json.loads(result)

    print(type(m))

    print(m)


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