发布时间:2019-09-19 08:00:29编辑:auto阅读(1797)
Centos下升级Python
另一篇文章 Centos7安装Python3.7(兼容Python2.7)https://blog.51cto.com/leyex/2163465
预准备(可忽略)
由于Centos需要提前安装Sqlite数据库,否则之后Python无法正常导入sqlite3,因此建议在升级Python前预先安装Sqlite数据库
没有安装readline-devel可能导致无法使用键盘的上下左右键
yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make -y
一、查看本机Pyhton版本
本机Centos6.5 预带Pyhton版本为2.6.6
# python --version >>Python 2.6.6
二、下载欲升级最新Python安装包
可以去官网找最新安装包 https://www.python.org/downloads/
三、修改编译文件支持SSL
编译安装的时候并没有把SSL模块编译进去,安装后可能会导致urllib2不支持https链接
Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 154, in urlopen return opener.open(url, data, timeout) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 431, in open response = self._open(req, data) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 454, in _open 'unknown_open', req) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 409, in _call_chain result = func(*args) File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1265, in unknown_open raise URLError('unknown url type: %s' % type) urllib2.URLError: <urlopen error unknown url type: https>
我们需要先安装openssl-devel(已安装可忽略)
# rpm -aq|grep openssl
>>openssl-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64
# yum install openssl-devel -y
# rpm -aq|grep openssl
>>openssl-1.0.1e-30.el6.x86_64
>>openssl-devel-1.0.1e-42.el6.x86_64
在编译安装Python之前加上以下这段代码(代码去除注释即可)
>>vi Python-2.7.11/Modules/Setup.dist
# Socket module helper for SSL support; you must comment out the other # socket line above, and possibly edit the SSL variable: SSL=/usr/local/ssl _ssl _ssl.c \ -DUSE_SSL -I$(SSL)/include -I$(SSL)/include/openssl \ -L$(SSL)/lib -lssl -lcrypto
*另注:
由于系统缺少了readline相关模块,会导致编译安装Python后无法使用上下左右退格,所以需要再编译安装前安装readline-devel模块
yum -y install readline-devel
四、编译安装Python
wget tar -zxvf Python-2.7.10.tgz cd Python-2.7.10 ./configure make && make install #也可以先查看是否有安装gcc再进行编译安装
通过命令查看是否已安装新版本
# /usr/local/bin/python2.7 -V >>Python 2.7.11
现在我们可以通过python2.7启动python,但是这样太麻烦,我们可以自行修改下
mv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.6.6 ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python
# python -V >>Python 2.7.11
五、修改yum脚本环境变量引用
安装完新版本Python后会发现yum出错,所以我们要把yum指向老版本
vi /usr/bin/yum
#!/usr/bin/python2.6.6 # 修改#!/usr/bin/python为#!/usr/bin/python2.6.6 import sys try: import yum except ImportError: print >> sys.stderr, """\ .....
测试yum命令,一切正常
六、升级完Python后安装pip
curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py python get-pip.py
or
python从2.6升级到2.7之后会出现安装setuptools和pip启动失败,这是因为路径的问题,我们可以下载一个脚本,运行后会自动重新下载一个setuptools
curl -O https://bootstrap.pypa.io/ez_setup.py
# python ez_setup.py
安装setuptools
# yum install -y python-setuptools
安装distribute
由于Setuptools包不再维护distribute,所以安装后可能由于distribute版本缺失导致报错
# easy_install Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/local/bin/easy_install", line 5, in <module> from pkg_resources import load_entry_point File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 2675, in <module> parse_requirements(__requires__), Environment() File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pkg_resources.py", line 552, in resolve raise DistributionNotFound(req) pkg_resources.DistributionNotFound: distribute==0.6.10 distribution was not found and is required by the application
通过以下方式安装缺失的distribute
# wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/distribute/distribute-0.6.10.zip --no-check-certificate # unzip distribute-0.6.10.zip # cd distribute-0.6.10 # /usr/local/bin/python2.7 setup.py install
or
# wget # tar xf distribute-0.6.10.tar.gz # cd distribute-0.6.10 # /usr/local/bin/python2.7 setup.py install
安装pip
# easy_install pip
# easy_install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple pip
七、升级完Python后ibus输入法报错
升级 Python2.7 后会导致 Ibus 输入法python2.6的gtk无法使用问题
/usr/libexec/ibus-ui-gtk /usr/ bin/ibus-setup /usr/libexec/ibus-engine-table
分别修改以上三个文件中的 “python” 为 “python2.6”
八、配置pip和easy_isntall的镜像源
easy_install的配置文件 ~/.pydistutils.cfg :
[easy_install] index_url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
pip的配置文件 ~/.pip/pip.conf :
[global] index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
至此,升级完毕,后续继续补充
本文仅作一个记录,以备忘记查看方便
上一篇: python的Pmw库的安装
下一篇: fedora下安装python
48537
47472
38306
35545
30000
26711
25677
20621
20339
18751
72°
127°
141°
134°
154°
187°
211°
324°
309°
278°