python+ldap实例

发布时间：2019-09-16 07:27:25编辑：auto阅读（2135）

Python 如何进行域账号的校验？当然是操作ldap.

首先需要安装python-ldap的模块 http://www.python-ldap.org/。在这里用的是windows系统，当然比较容易，下载地址 http://pypi.python.org/pypi/python-ldap/。

安装后在python 的交互环境里输入import ldap 如果没有问题就说明安装成功了。

验证程序：

#!usr/bin/env python
#coding: utf-8

import os
import sys
import ldap

def login_ldap(username, password):
    try:
        print("开始执行")
        Server = "ldap://127.0.0.1：8000"
        baseDN = "dc=domainname,dc=com"
        searchScope = ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE
        # 设置过滤属性，这里只显示cn=test的信息
         searchFilter = "sAMAccountName=" + username
        # 为用户名加上域名
         username = 'domainname\\' + username
        
        
        # None表示搜索所有属性，['cn']表示只搜索cn属性
         retrieveAttributes = None
    
        conn = ldap.initialize(Server)
        #非常重要
        conn.set_option(ldap.OPT_REFERRALS, 0)
        conn.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3
        # 这里用户名是域账号的全名例如domain/name
        print conn.simple_bind_s(username, password)
        print 'ldap connect successfully'

    
        #调用search方法返回结果id
        ldap_result_id = conn.search(baseDN, searchScope, searchFilter, retrieveAttributes)
        result_set = []
        print ldap_result_id

        print("****************")
        while 1:
            result_type, result_data = conn.result(ldap_result_id, 0)
            if(result_data == []):
                break
            else:
                if result_type == ldap.RES_SEARCH_ENTRY:
                    result_set.append(result_data)

        #print result_set
        Name,Attrs = result_set[0][0]
        if hasattr(Attrs, 'has_key') and Attrs.has_key('name'):
            print("test3")
            distinguishedName = Attrs['mail'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['name'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['displayName'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['mail'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['memberOf'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['mailNickname'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['sAMAccountName'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['distinguishedName'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['title'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['department'][0]
            #distinguishedName = Attrs['manager'][0]
            print "Login Info for user : %s" % distinguishedName

            print Attrs['mail'][0]
            print Attrs['name'][0]
            print Attrs['displayName'][0]
            print Attrs['memberOf'][0]
            print Attrs['sAMAccountName'][0]
            print Attrs['title'][0]
            print Attrs['department'][0]


            
            return distinguishedName

        else:
            print("in error")
            return None
    except ldap.LDAPError, e:
        print("out error")
        print e
        return None
    
if __name__ == "__main__":
    username = "username" # ldap中用户名
    password = "password" # ldap中密码
    
    login_ldap(username, password)

参考：http://www.cnblogs.com/itech/archive/2011/02/11/1951576.html

python实例26[验证用户是否存在于LDAP Server]

需要安装python2.x 和python-LDAP模块。

python-ldap：http://www.python-ldap.org/

python-ldap的windows版本下载：http://pypi.python.org/pypi/python-ldap/

python26实例代码：（用来验证某用户是否存在于LDAP Server）

python实例26[验证用户是否存在于LDAP Server]

需要安装python2.x 和python-LDAP模块。

python-ldap：http://www.python-ldap.org/

python-ldap的windows版本下载：http://pypi.python.org/pypi/python-ldap/

python26实例代码：（用来验证某用户是否存在于LDAP Server）

python实例26[验证用户是否存在于LDAP Server]

需要安装python2.x 和python-LDAP模块。

python-ldap：http://www.python-ldap.org/

python-ldap的windows版本下载：http://pypi.python.org/pypi/python-ldap/

python26实例代码：（用来验证某用户是否存在于LDAP Server）

import time
import ldap

'''
    Need install python-ldap module from:
      http://www.python-ldap.org/
    For windows OS, you can get the module from:
      http://pypi.python.org/pypi/python-ldap/
'''

ldapuser = "yourusername";
#ldapuser = "CN=yourusername,OU=XXX,OU=XXX,DC=XXX,DC=XXXXX,DC=com"
ldappass = "youruserpasswd";
ldappath = "ldap://yourldapserveriporname:yourldapserverport/";

baseDN = "DC=XXX,DC=XXXXX,DC=COM"

FoundResult_ServerBusy = "Server is busy"
FoundResult_NotFound = "Not Found"
FoundResult_Found = "Found"


def _validateLDAPUser(user):
    try:
        l = ldap.initialize(ldappath)
        l.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3
        l.simple_bind(ldapuser,ldappass)

        searchScope  = ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE
        searchFiltername = "sAMAccountName"
        retrieveAttributes = None
        searchFilter = '(' + searchFiltername + "=" + user +')'

        ldap_result_id = l.search(baseDN, searchScope, searchFilter, retrieveAttributes)
        result_type, result_data = l.result(ldap_result_id,1)
        if(not len(result_data) == 0):
          #print result_data
          return 1, FoundResult_Found
        else:
          return 0, FoundResult_NotFound
    except ldap.LDAPError, e:
        #print e
        return 0, FoundResult_ServerBusy
    finally:
        l.unbind()
        del l

def validateLDAPUser(user, trynum = 30):
    i = 0
    isfound = 0
    foundResult = ""
    while(i < trynum):
        #print "try: " + str(i)
        isfound, foundResult = _validateLDAPUser(user)
        if(isfound):
          break
        #time.sleep(60)
        i+=1
    print "-------------------------------"
    print "user is :" + user
    print "isfound :" + str(isfound)
    print "FoundResult : " + foundResult
    return isfound, foundResult

参考：http://www.linuxforum.net/forum/gshowflat.php?Cat=&Board=python&Number=533078&page=1&view=collapsed&sb=5&o=all

用Python的python-ldap模块操作openldap目录服务器的示例代码

下面是搜索目录项的代码
#!/usr/bin/python
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- #设置源码文件编码为utf-8

import ldap

try:
conn = ldap.open("server_name") #server_name为ldap服务器名
conn.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3 #设置ldap协议版本
username = "cn=admin,dc=company,dc=com" #用户名
password = "123" #访问密码
conn.simple_bind(username,password) #连接

except ldap.LDAPError, e: #捕获出错信息
print e

baseDN = "dc=employees,dc=company,dc=com" #设置目录的搜索路径起点
searchScope = ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE #设置可搜索子路径

retrieveAttributes = None #None表示搜索所有属性，['cn']表示只搜索cn属性
searchFilter = "cn=test" #设置过滤属性，这里只显示cn=test的信息

try:
ldap_result_id = conn.search(baseDN,searchScope,searchFilter,retrieveAttributes)
#调用search方法返回结果id
result_set = []
while 1:
result_type, result_data = conn.result(ldap_result_id, 0) #通过结果id返回信息
if result_data == []:
break
else:
if result_type == ldap.RES_SEARCH_ENTRY:
result_set.append(result_data)

print result_set[0][0][1]['o'][0] #result_set是一个复合列表，需通过索引返回组织单元(o)信息

except ldap.LDAPError, e:
print e

这里采用的是非同步方式，同步方式的连接和搜索命令后有“_s”后缀，如search_s。非同步方式需通过一个结果id来访问目录服务信息。

下面是一个修改目录信息的示例：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import ldap

try:
conn = ldap.open("server_name")
conn.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3
username = "cn=admin,dc=company,dc=com"
password = "123"
conn.simple_bind_s(username,password)

except ldap.LDAPError, e:
print e

try:
dn = "cn=test,dc=employees,dc=company,dc=com"
conn.modify_s(dn,[(ldap.MOD_ADD,'mail','test@163.com')]) #增加一个mail属性
except ldap.LDAPError, e:
print e

ldap.MOD_ADD表示增加属性，ldap.MOD_DELETE表示删除属性，ldap.MOD_REPLACE表示修改属性。

下面是一个增加目录项的示例：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import ldap,ldap.modlist #ldap.modlist是ldap的子模块，用于格式化目录服务的数据项

try:
conn = ldap.open("server_name")
conn.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3
username = "cn=admin,dc=company,dc=com"
password = "123"
conn.simple_bind_s(username,password)

except ldap.LDAPError, e:
print e

try:
dn = "cn=test,dc=card,dc=company,dc=com"
modlist = ldap.modlist.addModlist({ #格式化目录项，除对象类型要求必填项外，
'cn': ['test'], #其它项可自由增减
'objectClass': ['top', 'person', 'organizationalPerson', 'inetOrgPerson'],
'o': ['\xe5\xb9\xbf\xe5\xb7\x9e'], #这些为utf-8编码的中文
'street': ['\xe5\xb9\xbf\xe5\xb7\x9e'],
'sn': ['tester'],
'mail': ['test@163.com', 'test@21cn.com'],
'homePhone': ['xxxxxxxx'], 'uid': ['test'] })
# print modlist #显示格式化数据项，格式化后是一个元组列表
conn.add_s(dn,modlist) #调用add_s方法添加目录项

except ldap.LDAPError, e:
print e

其实我们也可按格式化后元组列表的形式把目录项直接写到add_s()里，省却转换的步骤。

下面是删除目录项的示例：
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import ldap

try:
conn = ldap.open("server_name")
conn.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3
username = "cn=admin,dc=test,dc=com"
password = "password"
conn.simple_bind_s(username,password)

except ldap.LDAPError, e:
print e

try:
dn = "cn=sale,dc=test,dc=com"
conn.delete_s(dn)

except ldap.LDAPError, e:
print e

参考：http://www.grotan.com/ldap/python-ldap-samples.html#search

python-ldap sample code

Bind
Add
Modify
Search
Delete

Binding to LDAP Server

Simple Authentication

import ldap try: l = ldap.open("127.0.0.1") # you should set this to ldap.VERSION2 if you're using a v2 directory l.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3 # Pass in a valid username and password to get # privileged directory access. # If you leave them as empty strings or pass an invalid value # you will still bind to the server but with limited privileges. username = "cn=Manager, o=anydomain.com" password = "secret" # Any errors will throw an ldap.LDAPError exception # or related exception so you can ignore the result l.simple_bind(username, password) except ldap.LDAPError, e: print e # handle error however you like

Adding entries to an LDAP Directory

Synchrounous add

# import needed modules import ldap import ldap.modlist as modlist # Open a connection l = ldap.initialize("ldaps://localhost.localdomain:636/") # Bind/authenticate with a user with apropriate rights to add objects l.simple_bind_s("cn=manager,dc=example,dc=com","secret") # The dn of our new entry/object dn="cn=replica,dc=example,dc=com" # A dict to help build the "body" of the object attrs = {} attrs['objectclass'] = ['top','organizationalRole','simpleSecurityObject'] attrs['cn'] = 'replica' attrs['userPassword'] = 'aDifferentSecret' attrs['description'] = 'User object for replication using slurpd' # Convert our dict to nice syntax for the add-function using modlist-module ldif = modlist.addModlist(attrs) # Do the actual synchronous add-operation to the ldapserver l.add_s(dn,ldif) # Its nice to the server to disconnect and free resources when done l.unbind_s()

Modify entries in an LDAP Directory

Synchrounous modify

# import needed modules import ldap import ldap.modlist as modlist # Open a connection l = ldap.initialize("ldaps://localhost.localdomain:636/") # Bind/authenticate with a user with apropriate rights to add objects l.simple_bind_s("cn=manager,dc=example,dc=com","secret") # The dn of our existing entry/object dn="cn=replica,dc=example,dc=com" # Some place-holders for old and new values old = {'description':'User object for replication using slurpd'} new = {'description':'Bind object used for replication using slurpd'} # Convert place-holders for modify-operation using modlist-module ldif = modlist.modifyModlist(old,new) # Do the actual modification l.modify_s(dn,ldif) # Its nice to the server to disconnect and free resources when done l.unbind_s()

Searching an LDAP Directory

Asynchronous Search

import ldap ## first you must open a connection to the server try: l = ldap.open("127.0.0.1") ## searching doesn't require a bind in LDAP V3. If you're using LDAP v2, set the next line appropriately ## and do a bind as shown in the above example. # you can also set this to ldap.VERSION2 if you're using a v2 directory # you should set the next option to ldap.VERSION2 if you're using a v2 directory l.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3 except ldap.LDAPError, e: print e # handle error however you like ## The next lines will also need to be changed to support your search requirements and directory baseDN = "ou=Customers, ou=Sales, o=anydomain.com" searchScope = ldap.SCOPE_SUBTREE ## retrieve all attributes - again adjust to your needs - see documentation for more options retrieveAttributes = None searchFilter = "cn=*jack*" try: ldap_result_id = l.search(baseDN, searchScope, searchFilter, retrieveAttributes) result_set = [] while 1: result_type, result_data = l.result(ldap_result_id, 0) if (result_data == []): break else: ## here you don't have to append to a list ## you could do whatever you want with the individual entry ## The appending to list is just for illustration. if result_type == ldap.RES_SEARCH_ENTRY: result_set.append(result_data) print result_set except ldap.LDAPError, e: print e

Deleting an entry from an LDAP Server

Synchronous Delete

import ldap ## first you must bind so we're doing a simple bind first try: l = ldap.open("127.0.0.1") l.protocol_version = ldap.VERSION3 # Pass in a valid username and password to get # privileged directory access. # If you leave them as empty strings or pass an invalid value # you will still bind to the server but with limited privileges. username = "cn=Manager, o=anydomain.com" password = "secret" # Any errors will throw an ldap.LDAPError exception # or related exception so you can ignore the result l.simple_bind(username, password) except ldap.LDAPError, e: print e # handle error however you like # The next lines will also need to be changed to support your requirements and directory deleteDN = "uid=anyuserid, ou=Customers,ou=Sales,o=anydomain.com" try: # you can safely ignore the results returned as an exception # will be raised if the delete doesn't work. l.delete_s(deleteDN) except ldap.LDAPError, e: print e ## handle error however you like

参考链接：

http://webservices.ctocio.com.cn/444/12159444.shtml

http://blog.csdn.net/sandayh/article/details/4525938

http://blog.csdn.net/sandayh/article/details/4525930

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_69ac00af01012e0g.html

http://hi.baidu.com/j60017268/item/e26222f9e56c0c1ae3e3bd28

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/aix/library/au-ldap_crud/

http://www.packtpub.com/article/installing-and-configuring-the-python-ldap-library-and-binding-to-an-ldap-directory