DNS安装与设置(3)

发布时间:2019-08-05 16:10:07编辑:auto阅读(1204)

    DNS安装与设置(3)

    主要实现DNS从服务器及配置转发服务器配置与实现

    测试环境还是参照1,2来实现从服务器配置

    1:测试环境

        DNS版本:version: 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6

        主服务器:10.1.77.85    

        从服务器:192.168.7.74

    2:安装从服务器和转发服务器之前需要知道的

        1-1.如何创建从服务器?

            如果有多台DNS从服务器,必须为每个DNS服务器建立NS记录,否则主DNS不能向从服务器发送通知。

        区域定义:

            zone "区域名称" IN {

                type slave;

                file "slaves/ZONE_NAME.zone";

                master {

                    master_dns_ip;

                    master_dns2_ip;};

                };

     在主服务器/etc/named.rfc1912.zones 设置从服务器可以请求数据allow-transfer { IP; };

        1-2.bind访问控制列表

            acl string { address_match_clement;....  };

                ang, none,local,localnet  这几个参数都可以选择

        2-2.如何将请求转发出去解析:

            转发类型:

            转发所有针对非本机负责解析的区域的请求;

                    options {                 

            forwarders { 192.168.211.116; };

            forward only;

                     };

            仅针对特定区域进行转发:

                    zone {

                        type forward;

                        };

    PS:转发的前提,接受请求的服务器必须能够为请求者做递归查询;

            forwarders { IP; };

            forward only | first;


    3:现在根据前面的提示开始设置

        1-1:在主服务器设置 allow-transfer

    [root@erickpuppet77_85 ~]# less /etc/named.rfc1912.zones

    zone "luhaigang.com" IN {

            type master;

            file "luhaigang.com.zone";

            allow-transfer { 192.168.7.74; };

    };

    zone "luhaigang.cn" IN {

            type master;

            file "luhaigang.cn.zone";

            allow-transfer { 192.168.7.74; };

    };

    zone "77.1.10.in-addr.arpa" IN {

            type master;

            file "77.1.10.zone";

            allow-transfer { 192.168.7.74; };

    };

        1-2:在192.168.7.74安装 DNS从服务器

    [root@erickagent ~]#yum -y install bind*

        修改配置文件之前不要启动named

        修改从服务器192.168.7.74的DNS配置文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones

    [root@erickagent ~]# less /etc/named.rfc1912.zones 


            allow-update { none; };

    };


    zone "1.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa" IN {

            type master;

            file "named.loopback";

            allow-update { none; };

    };


    zone "1.0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {

            type master;

            file "named.loopback";

            allow-update { none; };

    };


    zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN {

            type master;

            file "named.empty";

            allow-update { none; };

    };

    zone "luhaigang.com" IN {

            type slave;//类型为从服务器

            file "slaves/luhaigang.com.zone";//从服务器的区域文件

            allow-transfer { none; };//从服务器不允许其它DNS请求

            masters { 10.1.77.85; };//指明主服务器的IP地址        

    };

    zone "luhaigang.cn" IN {

            type slave;

            file "slaves/luhaigang.cn.zone";

            allow-transfer { none; };

            masters { 10.1.77.85; };

    };

    zone "77.1.10.in-addr.arpa" {

            type slave;

            file "slaves/77.1.10.zone";

            allow-transfer { none; };

            masters { 10.1.77.85; };

    };        


    在从服务器192.168.7.74创建slaves这个目录即可

    #makdir /var/named/slaves

    #chown named:named /var/named/slaves

    #chmod 640 /var/named/slaves



    以上步骤做完之后即可在从服务器192.168.7.74启动named程序:

    #service named start

    启动之后,去从服务器192.168.7.74下的/var/named/slaves会看到两个正向解析文件和一个反向解析文件都会同步到从服务器

    [root@erickagent ~]# ll /var/named/slaves/

    总用量 12

    -rw-r--r-- 1 named named 491 3月  25 13:45 77.1.10.zone

    -rw-r--r-- 1 named named 437 3月  25 13:48 luhaigang.cn.zone

    -rw-r--r-- 1 named named 443 3月  25 14:19 luhaigang.com.zone

    [root@erickagent ~]# less /var/named/slaves/luhaigang.cn.zone 

    $ORIGIN .

    $TTL 3600       ; 1 hour

    luhaigang.cn            IN SOA  dns.luhaigang.cn. admin.luhaigang.cn. (

                                    2015032315 ; serial

                                    3600       ; refresh (1 hour)

                                    300        ; retry (5 minutes)

                                    259200     ; expire (3 days)

                                    10800      ; minimum (3 hours)

                                    )

                            NS      dns.luhaigang.cn.

                            MX      10 mail.luhaigang.cn.

    $ORIGIN luhaigang.cn.

    dns                     A       10.1.77.85

    mail                    A       10.1.77.89

    web                     CNAME   www

    www                     A       10.1.77.86

                            A       10.1.77.87

                            A       10.1.77.88


    把从服务器192.168.7.74的本地dns配置文件修改成自己的地址

    [root@erickagent ~]# less /etc/resolv.conf

    nameserver 192.168.7.74


    如果一切顺利,现在测试是否可以解析到luhaigang.com(正向),luhaigang.cn(正向),192.168.7.74(反向),10.1.77.85(反向)

    [root@erickagent ~]# dig -t A luhaigang.com


    ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6 <<>> -t A luhaigang.com

    ;; global options: +cmd

    ;; Got answer:

    ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 14140

    ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0


    ;; QUESTION SECTION:

    ;luhaigang.com. IN A


    ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

    luhaigang.com. 3600 IN SOA dns.luhaigang.com. admin.luhaigang.com. 2015032315 3600 300 259200 10800


    ;; Query time: 0 msec

    ;; SERVER: 192.168.7.74#53(192.168.7.74)

    ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 25 14:45:20 2015

    ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 77


    [root@erickagent ~]# dig -t A luhaigang.con


    ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6 <<>> -t A luhaigang.con

    ;; global options: +cmd

    ;; Got answer:

    ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NXDOMAIN, id: 26850

    ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 0


    ;; QUESTION SECTION:

    ;luhaigang.con. IN A


    ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

    . 10800 IN SOA a.root-servers.net. nstld.verisign-grs.com. 2015032401 1800 900 604800 86400


    ;; Query time: 230 msec

    ;; SERVER: 192.168.7.74#53(192.168.7.74)

    ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 25 14:45:27 2015

    ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 106


    [root@erickagent ~]# dig -x 192.168.7.74


    ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6 <<>> -x 192.168.7.74

    ;; global options: +cmd

    ;; Got answer:

    ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 58440

    ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0


    ;; QUESTION SECTION:

    ;74.7.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR


    ;; Query time: 415 msec

    ;; SERVER: 192.168.7.74#53(192.168.7.74)

    ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 25 14:45:47 2015

    ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 43


    [root@erickagent ~]# dig -x 10.1.77.85


    ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6 <<>> -x 10.1.77.85

    ;; global options: +cmd

    ;; Got answer:

    ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 32824

    ;; flags: qr aa rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 1


    ;; QUESTION SECTION:

    ;85.77.1.10.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR


    ;; ANSWER SECTION:

    85.77.1.10.in-addr.arpa. 3600 IN PTR dns.luhaigang.com.


    ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

    77.1.10.in-addr.arpa. 3600 IN NS dns.luhaigang.com.


    ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

    dns.luhaigang.com. 3600 IN A 10.1.77.85


    ;; Query time: 0 msec

    ;; SERVER: 192.168.7.74#53(192.168.7.74)

    ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 25 14:45:56 2015

    ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 102


    [root@erickagent ~]#



    4:以上实现了从服务器的配置与实现,以下开始实现转发功能

        1:在主DNS服务器10.1.77.85编辑named.conf配置文件

    [root@erickpuppet77_85 ~]# less /etc/named.conf 

    //

    // named.conf

    //

    // Provided by Red Hat bind package to configure the ISC BIND named(8) DNS

    // server as a caching only nameserver (as a localhost DNS resolver only).

    //

    // See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files.

    //


    options {

    //      listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; };

    //      listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };

            directory       "/var/named";

            dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";

            statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";

            memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";

    //      allow-query     { localhost; };

            recursion yes;


            forwarders { 192.168.211.116; };

            forward only;


            dnssec-enable yes;

            dnssec-validation yes;

            dnssec-lookaside auto;


            /* Path to ISC DLV key */

            bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";


            managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";

    };


    logging {

            channel default_debug {

                    file "data/named.run";

                    severity dynamic;

            };

    };

    配置文件修改完成之后重启下named   #service named restart

    这个Ip地址是我们内网的一个DNS服务器

    现在测试一下是否可以解析211.116这个dns服务器负责的域名解析

    1:主DNS服务器测试是否可以转发

    [root@erickpuppet77_85 ~]# dig -t A www.baidu.com


    ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6_6.2 <<>> -t A www.baidu.com

    ;; global options: +cmd

    ;; Got answer:

    ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 41941

    ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0


    ;; QUESTION SECTION:

    ;www.baidu.com. IN A


    ;; ANSWER SECTION:

    www.baidu.com. 1200 IN CNAME www.a.shifen.com.

    www.a.shifen.com. 299 IN A 115.239.210.27

    www.a.shifen.com. 299 IN A 115.239.211.112


    ;; Query time: 1145 msec

    ;; SERVER: 10.1.77.85#53(10.1.77.85)

    ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 25 15:11:39 2015

    ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 90


    You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root

    [root@erickpuppet77_85 ~]#


    2:从服务器测试是否可以转发

    [root@erickagent ~]#  dig -t A www.baidu.com


    ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6 <<>> -t A www.baidu.com

    ;; global options: +cmd

    ;; connection timed out; no servers could be reached

    [root@erickagent ~]# service named start

    Starting named:                                            [  OK  ]

    [root@erickagent ~]#  dig -t A www.baidu.com


    ; <<>> DiG 9.8.2rc1-RedHat-9.8.2-0.30.rc1.el6 <<>> -t A www.baidu.com

    ;; global options: +cmd

    ;; Got answer:

    ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 24832

    ;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 3, AUTHORITY: 5, ADDITIONAL: 5


    ;; QUESTION SECTION:

    ;www.baidu.com. IN A


    ;; ANSWER SECTION:

    www.baidu.com. 1200 IN CNAME www.a.shifen.com.

    www.a.shifen.com. 300 IN A 115.239.210.27

    www.a.shifen.com. 300 IN A 115.239.211.112


    ;; AUTHORITY SECTION:

    a.shifen.com. 1200 IN NS ns1.a.shifen.com.

    a.shifen.com. 1200 IN NS ns2.a.shifen.com.

    a.shifen.com. 1200 IN NS ns3.a.shifen.com.

    a.shifen.com. 1200 IN NS ns4.a.shifen.com.

    a.shifen.com. 1200 IN NS ns5.a.shifen.com.


    ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION:

    ns4.a.shifen.com. 1200 IN A 115.239.210.176

    ns1.a.shifen.com. 1200 IN A 61.135.165.224

    ns3.a.shifen.com. 1200 IN A 61.135.162.215

    ns2.a.shifen.com. 1200 IN A 180.149.133.241

    ns5.a.shifen.com. 1200 IN A 119.75.222.17


    ;; Query time: 1694 msec

    ;; SERVER: 192.168.7.74#53(192.168.7.74)

    ;; WHEN: Wed Mar 25 15:12:34 2015

    ;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 260


    现在主从都可以通过211.116转发请求到www.baidu.com的A记录


    下一章节就开始实现DNS的日志系统的实现













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