python的学习笔记/002-3(20

发布时间:2019-07-25 09:16:14编辑:auto阅读(1386)

    群集类型

    群集类型 列表 元组 字典 集合
    list tuple dict set

    1.列表
    列表的类型是list,特点为有序,具备索引,内容与长度可以变动。要创建列表,可以使用[]直接表示法,列表中每个元素使用逗号分隔开。
    列表的常见操作
    (1) 元素的切片

    names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Mashu","Zhaoyun"]
    print(names)
    print(names[0])    # 切位置0的元素
    print(names[0:4])  #  切出位置0~3的元素
    print(names[-1])     # 切出最后一位的元素
    print(names[-3:])     # 切片,左取右不取``
    
    print(names[0:-1:2])    # 有间隔的切片
    
    for i in names:
        print(i)           # 循环的切片方法,这个i就代表了列表中的元素
    

    python的学习笔记/002-3(2018-5-20)
    (2) 列表的增,改,删
    names.append();names.insert();names.remove();names.pop()

    names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
    print(names)
    
    names.append("Zhugelaing")   # [增]-----在列表末尾  追加  诸葛亮
    print(names)
    names.insert(3,"daqiao")       # [增]-----在列表中的位置3  插入  大乔
    print(names)
    
    names[2]="zhouyu"            #[改]----- 将刘备  替换  为周瑜
    print(names)   
    
    # names.remove("Masu")      # [删]-----删除 马谡 (有三种常用的方法)
    # del names[-3]
    print(names.pop(-3))
    print(names)

    python的学习笔记/002-3(2018-5-20)
    (3) 列表的查,统计
    names.index();names.count()

    names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
    print(names)
    
    print(names.index("Zhaoyun"))         # 获取下标,赵云有俩个但是却只查到了列表里的第一个????
    print(names[names.index("Zhaoyun")])
    
    print(names.count("Zhaoyun") )     #   统计  列表中赵云的个数

    python的学习笔记/002-3(2018-5-20)
    (4) 列表的反转,排序,合并
    names.reverse();names,sort();names.extend()

    names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
    print(names)
    names.reverse()    #  将列表  反转
    print(names)
    names.sort()    # 将列表按照默认的utf-8格式  排序
    print(names)
    names2=["Chaochao","Simayi","Diewei","Xiahuodong","Xuchu"]
    names.extend(names2 )       #  合并俩个列表,但是合并的列表仍然存在
    print(names)

    python的学习笔记/002-3(2018-5-20)
    (5) 列表的复制
    names.copy();copy.copy();copy.deepcopy()

    import copy  # 需要为深copy引入模块
    
    names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun",["zhouyu","daqiao"],"Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
    
    names1=names    #  完全就是二者相等
    
    names2=names.copy()   # 浅copy,第二个列表里其实copy的是一个地址,可以用来实现一个联合账户的功能
    names3=copy.copy(names) # 三种不同的实现方法
    names4=names[:]
    
    names5=copy.deepcopy(names)   #  深copy一般不用因为会占用更多的空间
    
    names[2]="刘邦"     #  将位置2的元素改为刘邦
    names[4][0]="小乔"   # 将位置4列表里的位置0元素改为大乔
    
    print(names)   # 比较几种不同的复制
    print(names1)
    print(names2)
    print(names3)
    print(names4)
    print(names5)

    python的学习笔记/002-3(2018-5-20)
    (6) 列表的清除
    names.clear()

    names=["Zhangfei","Guanyu","Liubie","Zhaoyun","Machoa","Jiangwei","Masu","Zhaoyun"]
    print(names)
    names.clear()
    print(names)

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