Python 之 paramiko 模块

发布时间:2019-09-08 09:13:06编辑:auto阅读(1568)

    paramiko模块是用python语言写的一个模块,遵循SSH2协议,支持以加密和认证的方式,进行远程服务器的连接

    1.安装

    #paramiko模块的安装需要先安装PyCrypto模块
    wget  https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/pycrypto/pycrypto-2.6.1.tar.gz
    wget
    cd pycrypto-2.6.1
    python setup.py build
    python setup.py install
    https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/p/paramiko/paramiko-1.13.0.tar.gz
    cd paramiko-1.13.0
    python setup.py build
    python setup.py install

    yum安装

    yum -y  install python-crypto python-paramiko

    测试

    >>> import paramiko
    >>> dir(paramiko)
    ['AUTH_FAILED', 'AUTH_PARTIALLY_SUCCESSFUL', 'AUTH_SUCCESSFUL', 'Agent', 'AgentKey', 'AuthHandler', 'AuthenticationException', 'AutoAddPolicy', 'BadAuthenticationType', 'BadHostKeyException', 'BaseSFTP', 'BufferedFile', 'Channel', 'ChannelException', 'ChannelFile', 'DSSKey', 'HostKeys', 'InteractiveQuery', 'Message', 'MissingHostKeyPolicy', 'OPEN_FAILED_ADMINISTRATIVELY_PROHIBITED', 'OPEN_FAILED_CONNECT_FAILED', 'OPEN_FAILED_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE', 'OPEN_FAILED_UNKNOWN_CHANNEL_TYPE', 'OPEN_SUCCEEDED', 'PKey', 'Packetizer', 'PasswordRequiredException', 'RSAKey', 'RejectPolicy', 'SFTP', 'SFTPAttributes', 'SFTPClient', 'SFTPError', 'SFTPFile', 'SFTPHandle', 'SFTPServer', 'SFTPServerInterface', 'SFTP_BAD_MESSAGE', 'SFTP_CONNECTION_LOST', 'SFTP_EOF', 'SFTP_FAILURE', 'SFTP_NO_CONNECTION', 'SFTP_NO_SUCH_FILE', 'SFTP_OK', 'SFTP_OP_UNSUPPORTED', 'SFTP_PERMISSION_DENIED', 'SSHClient', 'SSHConfig', 'SSHException', 'SecurityOptions', 'ServerInterface', 'SubsystemHandler', 'Transport', 'WarningPolicy', '__all__', '__author__', '__builtins__', '__date__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__license__', '__name__', '__package__', '__path__', '__version__', '__version_info__', 'agent', 'auth_handler', 'ber', 'buffered_pipe', 'channel', 'client', 'common', 'compress', 'config', 'dsskey', 'file', 'hostkeys', 'kex_gex', 'kex_group1', 'message', 'packet', 'pipe', 'pkey', 'primes', 'randpool', 'resource', 'rng', 'rng_posix', 'rsakey', 'server', 'sftp', 'sftp_attr', 'sftp_client', 'sftp_file', 'sftp_handle', 'sftp_server', 'sftp_si', 'ssh_exception', 'sys', 'transport', 'util']
    >>>

    例子1:ssh到多台主机,执行相同的命令。

    #!/usr/bin/python
    import paramiko
    USER = 'root'
    PASSWORD = '123456'
    COMMAND = 'mkdir 888'
    for line in open('/root/ip.txt'):
        IP = line
        paramiko.util.log_to_file('/root/zhu.log')
        s = paramiko.SSHClient()
        s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
        s.connect(hostname=IP,username=USER,password=PASSWORD)
        s.exec_command(COMMAND)
        s.close
    ###############
    [root@zhu ~]# cat ip.txt
    192.168.56.101
    192.168.56.102

    例子2:把指定的文件上传到多台主机上。

    #!/usr/bin/python
    import paramiko
    PORT = 22
    USER = 'root'
    PASSWORD = '123456'
    REMORE_PATH = '/tmp/qianshan.txt'
    LOCAL_PATH = '/root/1.txt'
    for line in open('/root/ip.txt'):
        IP = line
        t = paramiko.Transport((IP,PORT))
        t.connect(username=USER,password=PASSWORD)
        s = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
        s.put(LOCAL_PATH,REMORE_PATH)
        t.close
    ###################
    192.168.56.101
    192.168.56.102
    #########################################################################

    paramiko.SSHClient() :建立一个连接到ssh服务器的实例。

    #常见用法如下:
    s = paramiko.SSHClient()
    s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) #允许连接不在know_hosts中的主机,默认是拒绝的。
    s.connect(hostname=IP,username=USER,password=PASSWORD) #连接到远程主机
    s.exec_command() #在远程主机上执行命令
    exec_command(self, command, bufsize=-1, timeout=None, get_pty=False) #作为paramiko.SSHClient()的方法,该方法用于在ssh服务器上执行命令,命令执行的输入,输出流作为python的类文件对象返回,命令执行返回的是一个元组,
    所以查看命令的执行输出,常用方法如下:
    stdin, stdout, stderr = s.exec_command('ls')
    print stdout.readlines()

    简单的同时在多台主机上执行相同的指令:

    [root@zhu ~]# ./zhu.py 192.168.56.102 192.168.56.101 ' ls -l'
    192.168.56.102:
    总用量 4
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 5月   7 15:36 mypackages
    192.168.56.101:
    总用量 56
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   432 5月   8 14:42 jiang.py
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 5月   5 17:09 mypython
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root  4096 5月   5 14:28 mysource
    drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root  4096 5月   1 16:22 mywork
    drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 36864 5月   5 17:09 pythoncook
    -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root   535 5月   8 15:10 zhu.py
    [root@zhu ~]# cat zhu.py
    #!/usr/bin/python
    import paramiko
    import sys
    USER = 'root'
    PASSWORD = '123456'
    COMMAND = sys.argv[-1]
    if len(sys.argv[1:]) < 2:
        print 'The arguments must more than two'
    else:
        for IP in sys.argv[1:-1]:
            print IP + ':'
            s = paramiko.SSHClient()
            s.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())   
            s.connect(hostname=IP,username=USER,password=PASSWORD)
            for i in s.exec_command(COMMAND)[1].readlines():
                print i,
            s.close
    #how to use: python zhu.py ip1 ip2 'command'




























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