本文旨在说明 父类、子类、子类实例的属性继承关系:
>>> A = type('A', (), {'name':1}) >>> B = type('B',(A,), {'addr':'beijing'}) #B的父类为A >>> A.__dict__ mappingproxy({'name': 1, '__module__': '__main__', '__dict__': <attribute '__dict__' of 'A' objects>, '__weakref__': <attribute '__weakref__' of 'A' objects>, '__doc__': None}) >>> B.__dict__ mappingproxy({'addr': 'beijing', '__module__': '__main__', '__doc__': None}) >>> b = B() >>> b.__dict__ {} #__dict__查看每个对象自身的属性,无法暴露继承的属性 >>> dir(b) #dir()可以查看所有有效属性 ['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__dir__', '__doc__', '__eq__', '__format__', '__ge__', '__getattribute__', '__gt__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__init_subclass__', '__le__', '__lt__', '__module__', '__ne__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__', '__setattr__', '__sizeof__', '__str__', '__subclasshook__', '__weakref__', 'addr', 'name'] >>> b.addr, b.name #以下代码验证了:上游对象更改属性的值,下游皆会继承该值;若下游对象给属性重新赋值了,那么上游再改变属性值时对下游无影响; ('beijing', 1) >>> A.name = 999 >>> b.name, B.name (999, 999) >>> A.name = 0 >>> b.name, B.name (0, 0) >>> B.name = 888 >>> A.name, b.name (0, 888) >>> A.name = 777 >>> B.name, b.name (888, 888) >>> b.name = 666 >>> A.name, B.name, b.name (777, 888, 666) >>> B.name = 555 >>> b.name 666